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communal shower
Communal showers are a group of single showers put together in one room or area. They are often used in changerooms, prisons, and army barracks for personal hygiene. Though not as widely used in the West today, communal showers are often present in school locker rooms for use in personal hygiene after physical education. They also continue to exist in some gymnasia and many swimming pools. The practice of communal showers is not without controversy.
==History==
Modern communal showers were installed in the barracks of the French army in the 1870s as an economic hygiene measure, under the guidance of François Merry Delabost, a French doctor and inventor. As surgeon-general at Bonne Nouvelle prison in Rouen, Delabost had previously replaced individual baths with mandatory communal showers for use by prisoners, arguing that they were more economical and hygienic.〔Hervé Dajon, ''La douche, une invention d’un médecin des prisons, le docteur Merry Delabost'', Criminocorpus, 2010 (Online text - in French )〕 The French system of communal showers was adopted by other armies, the first being that of Prussia in 1879, and by prisons in other jurisdictions. They were also adopted by boarding schools, before being installed in public bathhouses. The first shower in a public bathhouse was in 1887 in Vienna, Austria. In France, public bathhouses and showers were established by Charles Cazalet, firstly in Bordeaux in 1893 and then in Paris in 1899.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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